by
Ustadz Rijal Yuliar Lc
Allaah befirman:
وإذا سألك عبادي عني فإني قريب أجيب دعوة الداع إذا دعان فليستجيبوا لي وليؤمنوا بي لعلهم يرشدون
And when My servants ask you (O Muhammad) concerning Me, then (Convey) verily I am near, I answer the prayer requests that said over to me. Then let them meet my commandments and believe in Me so that they always get a clue "[al-Baqarah / 2:186]
The fall VERSES CAUSE
Scholars disagree about the causes chronological revelation of this verse.
1. Majority states that this verse was revealed when the Companions asked the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam: "O Messenger of Allah sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam, whether our Lord close, so we turn down the sound during prayer, or He SWT much so that we voices raised in prayer? ", then Allaah revealed this verse. [1]
2. Meanwhile others such as' Ata 'ibn Abi Rabah states that this verse was revealed in response to a people who asked the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam about the times to advocate praying to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala. Ie when dropped paragraph (Ghâfir/40: 60) "And your Lord said," Pray you told me I would surely grant it to you ". They asked: "What time (we did)? [2] then the above verse came later. [3]
eXPLANATION OF VERSES
1. Allaah The Supreme Close With His Servant.
So Allaah commanded the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam to tell the whole community that Allaah Maha close. Proximity appropriate glory and might of Allaah, in accordance with the grandeur and perfection of His Essence Subhanahu wa Ta'ala. Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
يا أيها الناس اربعوا على أنفسكم فإنكم لاتدعون أصم ولا غائبا إنه معكم إنه سميع قريب
O all men, have mercy on yourself, you do not pray to the One who is deaf or absent, you actually pray to the Supreme Essence hear, again Maha close ". [4]
Obligatory upon every Muslim to believe that Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala closer Maha Maha hears. Allaah is close to the servant who pray, hear and grant it whenever Allaah wills. Proximity it is the closeness of his knowledge and supervision, according to the perfection of nature for Allaah nothing is nothing like unto Him. [5]
Shaykh 'Abd as-Sa'di rahimahullah said: "The nature of" closeness "Allaah there are two kinds; His closeness with the knowledge (knowing) all His creatures, and proximity to the servant who worship and pray that Allaah hears and gives his aid and taufik. Whoever prays to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala with hearts and prayers are prescribed concentration, and is not hindered by any barrier for the prayer terkabulnya; as consuming illicit or otherwise, that Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala has promised to grant it. Especially if he sought any reason the granting of the prayer (is) is to answer the call of Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala through obedience to His commandments and obedient away from all His prohibitions both in word and deed with faith (of course) will lead the prayer terkabulnya ". [6]
2. Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala grant the prayer of His servant.
In the above verse Allaah tells His Messenger sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam about the majesty, grace, and His nearness to His servants. As also in another verse "and your Lord said:" Pray to Me I surely grant it to you ... ". [7] Mujahid and Ibn al-Mubarak explained [8] meaning" فليستجيبوا لي "ie," let them carry out obedience to Me (Allaah) ". As for "وليؤمنوا بي" meaning "and (let) them believe in Me" that they should be faithful if they obey Allaah, indeed Allaah will bestow reward and glory to them due obedience. Others said:
"فليستجيبوا لي" its meaning is "pray to Me"
"وليؤمنوا بي" meaning "and they believe that I should grant their prayers". [9]
Ibn Taymiyyah rahimahullah stated "With both these reasons, the prayer will be granted, that the perfection of the value of obedience to Allaah uluhiyah, and with the power of faith to rububiyah Allaah. Whoever obeys God Subhanahahu wa ta'ala in all His commands and prohibitions, then the point was reached in prayer and granted his prayer, Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala says [10] "And Allaah grants to people who believe and do good deeds, and add to them of His grace ". [11]
Then Allaah put an end to this verse with His words: "لعلهم يرشدون" ie, "I hope they get the right guidance." If they obeys and faith in me they will get good in this life and the Hereafter them ". [12] as well as the instructions to always have faith and do good deeds that will disappear from their evils." [13]
3. Why Prayer Not Granted?
If someone says: "Often we get someone who prays, but not granted. Is not Allaah has promised in His word "I will grant someone a" calling "(pray) to me." "Surely these expressions can be directed to the two explanations; The first: "calling" here means to practice all the commands of Allaah and His anjurananjuran Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, so its meaning is "I am close to the servant who always run the command and my suggestion, I will respond with reward ". As word of the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam: "true prayer is worship." Then he sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam read:
وقال ربكم اذعوبي أستجب لكم إن الذين يستكبرون عن عبادتي سيدخلون جهنم داخرين
Surely your Lord commanded: "Pray to Me I will certainly grant your prayer, people actually brag to worship Me will enter Hell in a state of abject hell." [14]
And the second: the meaning is "I grant someone who prays to me if I want". [15]
Shaykh 'Abdurrahman as-Sa'di rahimahullah said "calling (prayer) is divided into two kinds; worship and intercession prayer ". [16] The Ulama explain that the meaning of prayer petitions include worship, prayer and worship includes prayer petition consequences. Ie he who begged something to Allaah then he is worshiping Allaah. The purpose of worship includes prayer petitions consequences, such as one who prayed, then it contains a request to Allaah so that prayers be accepted and given the reward. So therefore includes a prayer request (meaning) of worship and prayer worship prayer includes petitions consequences. [17]
4. Several Ethics in Pray.
Given the importance of this, the scholars explain about the condition as well as ethics in praying for granted, as guidance in the Qur'an and Hadith.
Al-Baghawi rahimahullah said: "There are ethical and which are syaratsyarat in prayer because prayer granted. Whoever hits the spot, then he will get what is asked and whoever relent, he was the one who transgresses in prayer; so prayer is not entitled to be granted ". [18] Ibn al-Qayyim rahimahullah said:" The two following paragraphs include adab-adab pray with the second kind (prayer of worship and prayer request); which is the word of Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala:
ادعوا ربكم تضرعا وخفية إنه لا يحب المعتدين ولا تفسدوا في الأرض بعد إصلاحها وادعوه خوفا وطمعا إن رحمت الله قريب من المحسنين
Pray to your Lord with humility of self and a soft voice. Allah does not love those who exceed the limits. And do not make mischief on the earth after it (God) to fix it and pray to Him with fear (not accepted) and expectations (to be granted). Verily the mercy of Allah is very close to people who do good. [al-A'raf / 7:55-56] [19]
And Ibn Kathir rahimahullah brought a number of hadiths relating to the civilized manners of interpreting paragraph at the beginning of this discussion. Among which he intimated that: [20]
• Raising both hands, as the hadeeth narrated from Salman al-Farisi radi 'anhu, that the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
قال إن الله حيي كريم يستحيي إذا رفع الرجل إليه يديه أن يردهما صفرا خائبتين
Indeed Allaah, Most merciful Supreme shy of the servant who raised his hands (praying), then returned with empty hands and emptiness (not granted). [21]
• Starting with a prayer of praise to Allaah, then Salawat and salam to the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, then bertawasul to Allaah with Tawasul are prescribed, such as with tawheed to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala, with asthma and nature of Allaah, the good deeds and in others. [22] All that should be done in a low voice and not excessive as the hadeeth of Abu Musa al-Ash'ari radi 'anhu in advance.
• Good Prejudiced against Allaah. It was narrated in a hadith Qudsi of Anas radi 'anhu, that the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
يقول الله عزوجل: يقول أنا عند ظن عبدي بي وأنا معه إذا دعاني
Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala says: "I (will) as My servant thinks of Me, and I will be with him when he prays to Me" [23]
Ibn Hajar rahimahullah said: "That I (Allaah) Maha able to do what is alleged by my servant that I was able to do it." He also brought the words of al-Qurtubi rahimahullah that its meaning is "Thinking the granting of the prayer, acceptance of repentance , granted mercy through forgiveness, and thought rewarded with a reward for worship is conducted in accordance the terms as belief in the truth of the promise of Allaah .24
• Steer clear of hasty attitude terkabulnya expect prayer; haste because it will end up with the attitude of despair that he no longer pray. Na'ûdzubillâh.
عن أبي هريرة أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال يستجاب لأحدكم مالم يعجل يقول دعوت فلم يتجب لي
From Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet said: "There will be granted (prayer) one of you as long as he is not in a hurry, which he said 'I have prayed but not yet granted to me'". [25]
In other lafadz, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
قال لايزال يستجاب للعبد مالميدع بإثم أو قطيعة رحم مالم يستعجل قيل يا رسول الله ما الاستعجال قال يقول قد دعوت وقد دعوت فلم أر يستجيب لي فيستحسر عند ذلك ويدع الدعاء
Always will be granted (prayer) during the slave of sin or decide not ask kinship, as long as he is not in a hurry. Asked the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam: "O Messenger of Allah, what is the rush?" Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam replied: "He said, 'I have prayed, I prayed, but I never get my prayer is granted', then his despair and abandon prayer. [26]
• Clean the body and soul of a variety of evil and sin is one thing that may be neglected. Hearts were dirty with various immoral or unclean body of the prohibition would obstruct prayer terkabulnya
عن أبي هريرة قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أيهاالناس إن الله طيب لا يقبل إلا طيبا وإن الله أمر المؤمنين بما أمر به المرسلين فقال يا أيها الريسل كلوا من الطيبات واعملوا صالحا إني بما تعملون عليم وقال ياأيهاالذنين آمنوا كلوا من طيبات ما رزقنا كم ثم دكر الرجل يطيل السفر أشعث أغبر يمد يديه إلى السماء يارب يارب ومطعمه حرام ومشربه حرام وملبسه حرام وغذي بالحرام فأنى يستجاب لذلك
From Abu Hurayrah that he said: "The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:" Verily, Allaah does not accept the good and it's good, Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala commanded the believers with what has been commanded to the apostles. Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala says: "O you eat apostles of good and charitable shalihlah, Maha verily I know what you are doing." Allaah also says: "O ye who believe eat rizki better than what is given to you ... ", then the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam mentioned a traveler who walks away so that his hair rumpled, shabby and dusty, he raised his hands toward heaven as he prayed calling:" O Rabbku, O Rabbku ... ", but the food is unlawful, his drink unlawful, his clothing unlawful and forbidden from, how it might be granted his prayer? ". [27]
• Convinced that Allaah hears Supreme for nothing that prevented. From 'Abdullah ibn' Amr radi 'anhu, that the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said:
ادعوا الله وانتم موقنون باللإجابة واعلمواأن الله لايستجيب دعاء من قلب غافل لاه
Pray to Allaah and be sure you (will) be granted, God does not answer prayer (a slave) whose heart is negligent and negligent ". [28]
In another hadeeth of Abu Sa'eed al-Khudri radi 'anhu, that the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said: [29]
ما من مسلم يدعو بدعوة ليس فيها إثم ولاقطيعة رحم إلاأعطاهالله بهاإحدى ثلاث إما أن تعجل له دعوته وإما أن يد خرها له في الآخرة وإما ان يصرف عنه من السوء مثلها قالوا إذا نكثر قال الله أكثر
It is not a Muslim prays to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala with a prayer that there is no sin or breaking of family ties in it, but Allaah will give him one in three cases; 1) may Allaah hears the immediate, 2) or save as a savings for him in the Hereafter, 3) or save him from the evil equivalent dipanjatkannya prayer. "The friend said:" If so, we would multiply (prayer). "Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:" Allaah much more. [30] "
Ibn Kathir rahimahullah said: "What is meant is that Allaah will not waste one's prayers, and Allaah is not preoccupied with anything. He Subhanahu wa Ta'ala Supreme hear prayer. In this case there is a suggestion (multiply) praying because none of his escape from Subhanahu wa Ta'ala. "[31] Moreover, at the moment we are closer to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala through fasting in Ramadan. Should we take this special opportunity to multiply our prayers for good in the world and the hereafter. Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
ثلا ث لا ترد دعو تهم: الصائم حتى يفطر, والإمام العادل, ودعوة المظلوم
There are three people whose prayers are not rejected; one who fasts to break the fast, a just ruler, a man oppressed. [32]
So after the verses about Shiyam (fasting) and the glory of the month of Ramadan, Allaah mentions the main discussion of this verse (al-Baqarah / 2:186) as an indication that a believer should always bring himself to Allah Almighty with including all forms of worship to pray. Ibn Kathir rahimahullah said: "This verse Disisipkannya amidst explanation Shiyam laws are guidelines as well as a motivator for the (many) prayed upon completing the fast numbers, even at any moment to break the fast as the above hadith. Let us multiply prayers; For Allaah is angry with people who do not pray to Him as His word:
وقال ربكم ادعوني أستجب لكم إن الذين يستكبرون عن عبادتي سيدخلون جهنم داخرين
and Rabmu said: "Pray for me, in fact the people who boast of praying to Me will enter Hell abject in the state." [33]
Similarly described in a hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said: "من لم يدع الله يغضب عليه" which means: "Whoever does not pray to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala then Allah Subhanahu wa Ta' ala angry with him ". [34] Ibn al-Mubarak radi 'anhu said:
الرحمن إذا سئل أعطى, والرحيمإذا لم يسأل يغضب
Ar-Rahman (Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala) when he was asked to give, and Ar-Rahim (Allaah) if he is not asked to be angry. [35]
Ya Allaah, I seek refuge with You from knowledge which does not benefit, from a heart that is not humility ', yan of the soul is not satisfied, and from prayer was not granted ". [36]
[Copied from the Sunnah Edition magazine 06-07/Tahun XIII/1430/2009M. Publishers Foundation Standing Committee Istiqomah Surakarta, Jl. Solo-Solo Purwodadi Gondangrejo Km.8 Selokaton 57 183 Tel. 0271-858197 Fax 0271-858197]
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