By
Al-Ustadz Yazid bin Abdul Qadir Jawas حفظه الله
عن شداد بن أوس رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال: سيد الاستغفار أن يقول العبد: اللهم أنت ربي, لا إله إلا أنت خلقتني وأنا عبدك, وأنا على عهدك ووعدك ما استطعت, أعوذ بك من شر ما صنعت, أبوء لك بنعمتك علي, وأبوء بذنبي فاغفر لي, فإنه لا يغفر الذنوب إلا أنت من قالها من النهار موقنا بها, فمات من يومه قبل أن يمسي, فهو من أهل الجنة, ومن قالها من الليل وهو موقن بها فمات قبل أن يصبح, فهو من أهل الجنة.
Of Shaddad bin Aus radi anhu from the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam, "Verily, it is best to seek forgiveness somebody saying slave:
Allahumma la ilaha illa Rabbee ANTA ANTA ANA KHALAQTANII WA 'ABDUKA ANA WA' ALA 'AHDIKA WA WA'DIKA MASTATHA'TU Audhu BIKA MIN SYARRI SHANA'TU Abu Ma `U Laka BINI'MATIKA' ALAYYA WA Abu` U BIDZANBII FAGHFIRLÎ FA INNAHU La illa ANTA YAGHFIRU ADZ DZUNÛBA
(Oh Allah, You are the Rabbku, there is no god who is entitled diibadahi right besides you. Thou who created me and I am your servant. I fulfill your covenant and Your promise according to my ability. I seek refuge in You from the evils actions, I acknowledge Thy favors to me and I acknowledge my sin to You, so forgive me. because no one can forgive sins but You).
(He said) "Whoever said it during the day with confidence, and died on the day before the evening, then it includes the hosts of heaven. Whoever read it at night with confidence and died before entering the morning, then it includes the hosts of heaven.
TAKHRIJ HADITS
This hadeeth saheeh. Reported by:
1. Imam al-Bukhari in shahîhnya (no. 6306, 6323) and al-Adabul simplex (no. 617, 620)
2. Imam an-Nasa-i (VIII/279), as-Sunanul Kubra (no. 9763, 10225), and the 'Amalul Yaum wal Lailah (no. 19, 468, and 587)
3. Imam Ibn Hibban (no. 928-929-at-Ta'lîqâtul hisan 'ala Sahih Ibni Hibban)
4. Imam ath-Mu'jamul Thabarani in al-Kabir (no. 7172), al-Mu'jamul Ausath (no. 1018), and in the book ad-Du'aa (no. 312-313)
5. Al-Hakim (II/458)
6. Imam Ahmad in musnadnya (IV/122, 124-125)
7. Imam al-Baghawi in Syarhus Sunnah (no. 1308), and others of the companions radi Shaddad bin Aus anhu
Also narrated by Imam at-Tirmidhi (no. 3393) from Shaddad bin Aus radi anhu with initially different wording, the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said,
ألا أدلك على سيد الإستغفار ...
Will I show you the sayyidul seek forgiveness? ...
at-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Gharib Hadith. 'Classed as saheeh by Shaykh al-Albani with few roads and syawâhid (amplifier) in its Lineage al-ahadith al-Shahîhah (no. 1747).
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah enter this hadith in "Chapter ultimate forgiveness". This shows that Imam Bukhari t consider this wording Adah best forgiveness. Also the content of meaning in this hadith indicates that prayer is worth mentioning with Sayyidul forgiveness (forgiveness prince) as attributed by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam.
DESCRIPTION OF RECOMMENDED istighfar
Each of the sons of Adam was definitely a lot of sins, but the best of oang who sins is begging forgiveness from Allah Almighty and repent. Almighty Allah commanded His servants to always beg for forgiveness and repent to Him. Allah also promised to forgive those who ask for forgiveness and repent to Him. Allah Almighty says:
وإني لغفار لمن تاب وآمن وعمل صالحا ثم اهتدى
And indeed, I am Oft-forgiving those who repent, believe and do good, then remain in the instructions. "[Thâha/20: 82]
قل يا عبادي الذين أسرفوا على أنفسهم لا تقنطوا من رحمة الله إن الله يغفر الذنوب جميعا إنه هو الغفور الرحيم
Say, "O My servants who exceeded the limits of themselves! 'Do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Truly Allah forgives all sins. Truly, He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. "[Az-Zumar/39: 53]
Almighty Allah commanded us to many beristighfar / ask His forgiveness. Similarly, Allah commanded the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam for forgiveness. Allah Almighty says:
واستغفر لذنبك وللمؤمنين والمؤمنات
"... And ask forgiveness for your sins and the sins of the believers men and women ..." [Muhammad/47: 19]
فقلت استغفروا ربكم إنه كان غفارا
"So I said (to them), 'Ask forgiveness of your Lord, Truly, He is Oft-Forgiving.'" [Nûh/71: 10]
واستغفر الله إن الله كان غفورا رحيما
Forgive and ask for Allah. Surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. [An-Nisa '/ 4:106]
فسبح بحمد ربك واستغفره إنه كان توابا
Then celebrate the praises of your Lord and ask Him for forgiveness. Verily He is Oft repentance. [An-Nashr/110: 3]
وبالأسحار هم يستغفرون
And at the end of the night they beg forgiveness (to Allah). [Adz-Dzâriyât/51: 18]
That is, wake up late in the night to pray Tahajjud and at meal time they beg forgiveness from Allah Almighty.
ومن يعمل سوءا أو يظلم نفسه ثم يستغفر الله يجد الله غفورا رحيما
And whoever does evil and persecuting him then he ask forgiveness to Allah, surely Allah is Oft-Forgiving he found Merciful. [An-Nisa '/ 4:110]
وما كان الله ليعذبهم وأنت فيهم وما كان الله معذبهم وهم يستغفرون
And Allah is not ever going to mengadzab them, are you (Muhammad) are among them, and Allah will not also mengadzab they were they asking for forgiveness. "[Al-Anfal / 8:33]
In a Hadith Qudsi, Allah Almighty says:
... ياعبادي إنكم تخطئون بالليل والنهار, وأنا أغفر الذنوب جميعا, فاستغفروني أغفرلكم ...
... O My servants! Surely you guys always make mistakes (sin) in the night and during the day, and I forgive the sins altogether, then ask forgiveness of Me undoubtedly I forgive you ... [1]
The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam read a prayer asking forgiveness when bowing or prostration as follows:
سبحانك اللهم ربنا و بحمدك اللهم اغفرلي.
Glory to Thee, O Allah! Our Lord and to praise you O Allah, forgive my sins. [2]
The cleric said that Allah Almighty gives a sense of security to people with 2 things, namely the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam between them and seek forgiveness. Now the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam has died, means that one is still living forgiveness. Therefore, forgiveness becomes a safety of anger Allah Almighty.
والذين إذا فعلوا فاحشة أو ظلموا أنفسهم ذكروا الله فاستغفروا لذنوبهم ومن يغفر الذنوب إلا الله ولم يصروا على ما فعلوا وهم يعلمون
And also the people who, if guilty of lewdness or persecute themselves they would remember Allah and seek forgiveness of the sins they, and anyone else who can forgive sins other than Allah? And they are not continuing the heinous act knowingly. [Ali 'Imran / 3:135]
Ibn 'Abbaas anhuma said:
لا كبيرة مع استغفار ولا صغيرة مع إسرار
There is no great sin and seek forgiveness if accompanied by no small sin if done continuously. [3]
The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam said:
والله إني لأستغفر الله وأتوب إليه في اليوم أكثر من سبعين مرة
For the sake of Allah, sesungguhya I really beg forgiveness of Allah and repent to Him day and night in more than 70 times. [4]
In the history of Imam Muslim:
... وإني لأستغفر الله في اليوم مئة مرة
And actually ... I really beg the forgiveness of Allah as much as 100 times a day and night. [5]
وعن ابن عمر رضي الله عنه قال: كنا نعد لرسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في المجلس الواحد مائة مرة: «رب اغفر لي, وتب علي إنك أنت التواب الرحيم».
From Ibn Umar anhuma he said, "We first calculate a ceremony in the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam 100 times read,' Yes Allah forgive my sins, and accept taubatku. Thou art Oft repentance and Merciful. '"[6]
وعن ابن مسعود رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: من قال: «أستغفر الله الذي لا إله إلا هو الحي القيوم وأتوب إليه», غفرت ذنوبه وإن كان قد فر من الزحف.
From Ibn Mas'ud radi 'anhu, he said: the Prophet sallallaahu' alaihi wa sallam said, "Whoever reads:
أستغفر الله الذي لا إله إلا هو الحي القيوم وأتوب إليه
(I beg forgiveness of Allah, there is no god who is entitled diibadahi correctly but He, the Ever Living and Supreme Stand alone, and I repent to Him) then it will be forgiven his sins even if never run away from the battlefield. [7]
Among the most excellent prayer of forgiveness is forgiveness sayyidul, sebagimana been taught by the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam to Shaddad bin Aus radi anhu.
Sharh Hadith
The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam called this the wording istigfâr Sayyidul forgiveness as contained in this hadith the meaning of repentance and humble himself before Allah Almighty, which is not present in other hadiths repentance.
Imam ath-Thîbiy rahimahullah said, "Because this prayer contains the meanings of repentance as a whole then dipakailah term sayyid, which in its origin, it means the parent or sayyid leader in all of the intended purposes and all matters back to him." [8]
Ibn Abi Jamrah rahimahullah said, "The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam gather in this hadith beautiful meanings and wording-good wording so it deserves to be named sayyidul forgiveness. In this hadith there is:
• Recognition of uluhiyah Allah and worship only to Allah Almighty. Recognition that Allah Almighty is the one of His Creator. Recognition that Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala has been taken to establish the promise of His servants.
• Hope that God has promised to His servants,
• Shelter from the evils that have been done against his servant,
• attributing all favor to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala who has held all these favors, attributing to himself a servant of sin,
• The desire and hope to be forgiven him his sins by Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala
• And the recognition that no one can forgive sins but Allah. "[9]
SAYYIDUL istighfar
1. اللهم أنت ربي (Ya Allah, You are my Lord) [10]
Recognition of a servant that Allah is his Lord Almighty. Rabb is the owner, creator, giver of good luck and regulating all the affairs of His creatures. Contained in this hadith Rububiyyah recognition of Allah Almighty.
2. لا إله إلا أنت (There is no god but You are entitled diibadahi)
Ie none has the right diibadahi correctly but only you, O Allah. This sentence is an manifestation of monotheism Uluhiyyah. All Muslims are required to believe that the only one who has the right diibadahi correctly only Allah, while not to be worshiped but Allah and we pray to Allah alone.
3. خلقتني وأنا عبدك (You created me, and I am your servant)
Recognition that there is no slave who created this universe and its contents, but only Allah Almighty alone. Are all creatures, both in heaven and in earth. Almighty Allah who has created all beings. This sentence contains (behavior servant) humiliating and humbling himself before Allah Almighty. It contains Rububiyyah monotheism. This prayer uttered by the Prophet Muhammad sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam so that shows that he is a servant n, which is not entitled to diibadahi.
4. وأنا على عهدك ووعدك ماستطعت (I fulfill your covenant and Your promise according to ability)
I remain in agreement thy Ya Allah, faith in thee, thy obedience to implement and carry out Thy commands I can. According to me the ability, because Allah does not impose on a soul but according to his ability. What is meant here is the promise of an appointment when Allah revealed these candidates or spirit beings. Allah Almighty says:
وإذ أخذ ربك من بني آدم من ظهورهم ذريتهم وأشهدهم على أنفسهم ألست بربكم قالوا بلى شهدنا أن تقولوا يوم القيامة إنا كنا عن هذا غافلين
And (remember) when your Lord issued from the loins (spine) of their offspring son of Adam and Allah Taking testimony to their spirit (saying), 'Am I not your Lord?' They replied, 'Yes (You are our Rabb ), we bear witness. '(We Do it) so that in the day of judgment you do not say,' Surely when we unmindful of this. '"[al-A'raf / 7:172]
When they testify that Allah Almighty as their Lord, then the consequence is that they should worship only to Allah Almighty. The consequence is to carry out the command of Allah Almighty and leave the prohibitions of Allah Almighty.
Allah Almighty says:
ألم أعهد إليكم يا بني آدم أن لا تعبدوا الشيطان إنه لكم عدو مبين) 60 (وأن اعبدوني هذا صراط مستقيم
Did I Ordered thee, O son of Adam, that ye worship not the devil? Indeed, Satan is an outright enemy to you, and you shall worship Me. This is the straight path. "[Yâsîn/36 :60-61]
Sentence (ووعدك) "thy word" is about replies merit and reward, ie 'I remain in covenant with Allah as long as I can. I'm sure with the promise of thy Ya Allah. 'For people who tawheed and shirk away, promised to Heaven and a great reward.'
Therefore, the above mentioned hadith whoever read it with confidence then promised to Heaven.
5. أعوذبك من شر ماصنعت (I seek refuge in You from the evils deeds)
I seek refuge in You from the evil deeds of charity and bad effects, (I seek refuge in you so as not) be overwritten by the disaster, so that sin forgiven, and returned to action jelekku.
I seek refuge in You from the evil of sin and immoral acts. Indeed sin brings bad consequences. People who rebel against their parents, decided friendship, menzhalimi others, take other people's rights, usury, and other sins will bring bad consequences. Among the poor result is the loss of the blessings in our science and our memorization. The most dangerous consequences of sin is going on by the wrath of Allah Almighty. Assets acquired by way of the treasure that wrongdoers will not get blessed, will make his wife and children of disobedience. Hence the Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam when Khutbatul haajah said:
ونعوذ بالله من شرور أنفسنا وسيئات أعمالنا ...
We seek refuge in Allah from the evils of our souls and our evil deeds ...
Therefore, we should seek refuge in Allah SWT from all our sin.
As a result of the sin of our age include loss of blessings, blessings of our knowledge, charity obedience and rote loss. The most danger is not forgiven our sins. Or are we back to that sin. Nas-alullâha al-'AFWA wal' Afiyah fid dunya wal Salamah was akhirah.
6. أبوء لك بنعمتك علي (I confess Thy favors to me)
I recognize and determine the amount of Thy favors to me, and thy glorious grace and goodness to me. Every Muslim and Muslimah mandatory attribute all favor to Allah Almighty. All the favors which Allah Almighty granted, both in the heavens, the earth and between them is from Allah Almighty.
Word of Almighty Allah:
وما بكم من نعمة فمن الله ثم إذا مسكم الضر فإليه تجأرون
And every blessing that is in you (the coming) of Allah, and then overwritten when you misery, then unto Him you ask for help. [An-Nahl/16: 53]
Almighty Allah favors given to us very much. We will never be able to count them. Try us count the favors which Allah Almighty give since we were born! Delights the eye, ear, oral, hair, liver, air, oxygen, water, plants, favors guidance, health, away from catastrophe, favors upon monotheism and Sunnah, and others.
Allah Almighty says:
وآتاكم من كل ما سألتموه وإن تعدوا نعمت الله لا تحصوها إن الإنسان لظلوم كفار
And He has given you all that you pray for him. And if ye count the favors of Allah, you surely will not be able to count them. Indeed, man is very unjust and very deny (Allah favors). [Ibrâhîm/14: 34]
If we recognize the favors of Allah Almighty, then the consequences are thankful to Allah Almighty. When a servant grateful to Almighty Allah, then Allah will increase His favors to us. Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala says:
وإذ تأذن ربكم لئن شكرتم لأزيدنكم ولئن كفرتم إن عذابي لشديد
And (remember) when your Lord proclaiming, "Except ye are grateful, I will surely add to the (favors) unto you, but if you deny (my favor), then surely My punishment is severe." [Ibrâhîm/14: 7]
If someone is grateful to the Almighty Allah, then Allah Almighty will not mengadzabnya. Allah Almighty says:
ما يفعل الله بعذابكم إن شكرتم وآمنتم وكان الله شاكرا عليما
Allah will not torture you, if ye are grateful and faithful. And Allah is Grateful, Knowing. [An-Nisa '/ 4:147]
7. وأبوء بذنبي (I confess my sin to You)
I admit the mistakes I've ever done, in the form of sin, error, omission, which I leave liability, illicit and immoral actions that I did. Recognition is the first step to repent and return to Allah Almighty.
8. فاغفرلي (Forgive my sin)
Ya Allah, forgive all the sins that I have done. Thou art the Forgiving and Merciful. A servant is cautious when he sins, he immediately begged forgiveness from Allah Almighty. As his words:
والذين إذا فعلوا فاحشة أو ظلموا أنفسهم ذكروا الله فاستغفروا لذنوبهم ومن يغفر الذنوب إلا الله ولم يصروا على ما فعلوا وهم يعلمون
And (also) those who, if guilty of lewdness or oppressing themselves, they (immediately) remember Allah, and beg forgiveness for their sins, and who (else) who can forgive sins but Allah? And they did not pursue that sin, knowingly. "[Ali 'Imran / 3:135]
9. فإنه لايغفر الذنوب إلا أنت (Because no one can forgive sins but You O Allah)
Our recognition that no one can forgive all sins except Allah Almighty. Therefore we beg for forgiveness only to Allah Almighty, not to other than Him. Allah is Forgiving and Receiver repentance.
10. Whoever reads it in the morning with full conviction, later he died before noon, then it includes the inhabitants of Heaven. Anyone who read it in the afternoon with full confidence, he later died before tomorrow morning, so he included the dwellers of Heaven
That is read with confidence, sincerity, mentauhidkan Allah Almighty, leaving shirk, asking forgiveness sayyidul justify the content of the prayer, recognizes Rububiyyah monotheism, monotheism Uluhiyyah, acknowledging his sin, acknowledge all favors of Almighty Allah and ask for forgiveness only to Allah Almighty.
The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam encouraged us to read it with confidence when we are in the morning and evening.
Shaykh al-Islam rahimahullah said, "The one who knows Allah Almighty that he was going to, then he testify that all of the gifts of Allah and realize he is much sin and disgrace." [11]
He rahimahullah explains, "The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam collect two things, namely the testimony of all the favors of Allah Almighty and the recognition of the sins that have been done, that we made lots of mistakes. Then proceed with the charity. Witnessing all favor, grace and the gift of Almighty Allah told us, the consequence is the necessity of love of Allah Almighty. It also requires us to praise Allah, give thanks to Allah because Allah has given all the favors and kindness. We must also realize that many of us sin and error, which requires us to humiliate ourselves to Almighty Allah, humbling ourselves before Allah Almighty and declare ourselves indigent, in need of Allah and we shall repent to Allah Almighty Jalla at any time and she did not see him except those who do not have anything at all. [12]
Faidah-faidah HADITS
1. Mandatory set Rububiyyah Almighty Allah, because Allah is the Creator, the Almighty Giver of Sustenance, The Giver of gifts, the Most Resist, and also opens the Almighty, the All-turn, the Most deadly, and the All-organize everything.
2. Mandatory set 'ubudiyya, Uluhiyyah, and wahdaniyyah for Allah Almighty. That only Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala is compulsory and is entitled diibadhi correctly.
3. Sayyidul forgiveness contained in the establishment and recognition of a servant that he is humble servant in the presence of his Lord, his Creator, and the Giver of his fortunes.
4. Determination Inside there is also a servant that he adhered to the agreement that Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala take it.
5. Whom be a servant carrying out the command of Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala according to his ability. It's like the word of Allah Almighty:
فاتقوا الله ما استطعتم
"... So keep your duty to Allah by kesanggupanmu you ..." [at-Taghâbun/64: 16]
6. Recognition of a servant for his sins by repentance.
7. Establishment and recognition of a servant to his Lord with flaws and shortcomings, with worship Him in truth.
8. Nobody can forgive sins but Allah Almighty.
9. Whom be a slave refuge to Allah Almighty from any evil she had done.
10. Virtue of forgiveness (asking forgiveness from Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala) and the virtue of forgiveness sayyidul.
11. Whom be a slave refuge to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala from evil deeds and intentions, because it is the cause of punishment and torment.
12. In this hadith there is the argument that all the goals that should be achieved by proper means, and causes it to reach the goal. As for using superstition, heresy, shirk means, then it does not add (position) in the presence of a human being except his Rabb (still a) servant (abject).
[Copied from the Sunnah Edition magazine 03-04/Tahun XVI/1433H/2012M. Publishers Foundation Standing Committee Istiqomah Surakarta, Jl. Solo-Solo Purwodadi Gondangrejo Km.8 Selokaton 57 183 Tel. 0271-858197 Fax 0271-858196]
_______
Footnote
[1]. Saheeh: HR. Muslim (no.2577), Ahmad (V/160), and in addition to both of the companions of Abu Dharr al-Ghifari z.
[2]. Saheeh: HR. al-Bukhari (no. 794, 817) and Muslim (no. 484).
[3]. Saheeh: HR. Ibn Jarir at-Tabari Atsar in his commentary (no. 9207) and others. Masyhur Hasan Shaikh Salman said, 'mauquf saheeh isnaad from Ibn' Abbaas anhuma. (Al-Kabâir, p. 47 works of Imam adh-Dhahabi)
[4]. Saheeh: HR. al-Bukhari (no. 6307), at-Tirmidhi (no. 3259), Ahmad (II/282, 341), an-Nasa-i in 'Amalul Yaum wal Lailah (no. 438, 439), and others of the companions Abu Hurayrah that anhu.
[5]. Saheeh: HR. Muslim (no. 2701 (42)), from the Companions of al-Agharr ibn Yasar al-Muzani radi anhu.
[6]. HR. Abu Dawood (no. 1516), at-Tirmidhi (no. 3434) and Ibn Majah (no. 3814). This hadith is the wording at-Tirmidhi and he said, "This hadeeth is hasan saheeh Gharib."
[7]. Saheeh: HR. Abu Dawood (no. 1517). See Sunan Abi Dawud Shahiih (no. 1358).
[8]. Fat-hul Bari (XI/99).
[9]. Fat-hul Bari (XI/100).
[10]. This mufradat Sharh quoted from the book Fat-hul Bari (XI/98-100) by al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani, Fiqhul Ad'iyati wal Adzkâr (III/18-20), Shaykh DR. Abdur Razzaq bin Abdul Muhsin al-Badr, and other books.
[11]. The words sung by Imam Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah t (his student) in the book of al-Wâbilis Shayyib, See also Saheeh al-Wâbilis Shayyib (p. 16).
[12]. Saheeh al-Wâbilis Shayyib (p. 17).
http://almanhaj.or.id/
No comments:
Post a Comment